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Hijri Calendar or Islamic Calendar – Muslim Calendar

Hijri calendar or Islamic calendar is based on the year prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his fellow Muslims (known as Sahabah, the Companions) emigrated to Madinah in the year 622 C.E. (Christian Era). The Hijri calendar or Islamic calendar is lunar. The emigration took place after thirteen years of persecutions by the disbelievers of Makkah. By the command of God, the Prophet left the city with his companion Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) and escaped a death threat by the disbelievers. The event marks the beginning of a second phase of the Islamic movement. It is the phase when Madinah became the center of an Islamic state.

The Hijri calendar or Islamic calendar is lunar. Each month must begin with the evening when the new moon is sight able by the unaided naked eye. Muslims are obligated to sight the crescent in every country. Different countries may begin the year at different days based on their own sightings. The calendar is called Hijri calendar. The Arabic word Hijrah means emigration.

The Muslim calendar contains 12 months that are based on the motion of the moon, and because 12 lunar months is 12 x 29.53 = 354.36 days, the Islamic calendar is consistently shorter (11 Days) than a solar year, and therefore it shifts with respect to the Gregorian calendar.

The Hijri calendar is the official calendar in countries around the Gulf, especially Saudi Arabia. But other Muslim countries use the Gregorian calendar for civil purposes and turn to the Hijri calendar or Islamic calendar for religious purposes.

The Names of the months in the Hijri Calendar or Islamic Calendar:

  1. Muharram
  2. Safar
  3. Rabiul-Awwal
  4. Rabi-uthani
  5. Jumadi-ul-Awwal
  6. Jumadi-uthani
  7. Rajab
  8. Sha’ban
  9. Ramadan
  10. Shawwal
  11. Dhil-Q’ada
  12. Dhil-Hijja

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99 Titles and Names Of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

The titles and names of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), are the 99 names of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), used by Muslims, which are found mainly in the Quran and hadith literature. The Quran Kareem addresses Muhammad pbuh in the second person by various appellations; prophet, messenger, servant (abd) of God.
Islamic scholars strongly emphasize the need for Muslims to follow the name of ‘Muhammad’ (PBUH), whether spoken or written, with the honorific phrase “peace be upon him”, often abbreviated to PBUH or SAW, from Arabic: صلى الله عليه وسلمRomanized: sallallahu alayhe wasallam or written ﷺ.

The List of 99 Titles and Names of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

#

Arabic

Transliteration

Translation

1
عادل
Aadil
The Justice
2
عالم
Aalim
The Scholar
3
عبدالله
Abdullah
Slave of Allah
4
ابوالقاسم
Abu al Qaasim
The father of Qasim.
5
ابو الطاھر
Abu at Tahir
The father of Tahir.
6
ابوالطیب
Abu at Tayyib
The father of Tayyib.
7
ابو ابراھیم
Abu Ibrahim
The father of Ibrahim.
8
عفو
Afoow
Forgiver.
9
احید
Aheed
He who takes to one side.
10
احمد
Ahmad
Much praised
11
اجیر
Ajeer
He who is rewarded.
12
علم الایمان
Alam ul Eeman
The banner of faith.
13
علم الیقین
Alam ul Yaqeen
The banner of belief.
14
علم الھدیٰ
Alamul Hudaa
Banner of guidance.
15
علیم
Aleem
The Knowledgeable
16
امین
Ameen
The Honest One
17
النجم الثاقب
An Najm-us-Saqib
Shining star.
18
عاقب
Aqib
The Latest
19
عربی
Arabi
The Arabi
20
اول
Awwal
The First
21
عین الغر
Ayn ul Ghurr
The chief of the chosen one.
22
عین النعیم
Ayn un Naeem
The spring of blessing.
23
عزیز
Aziz
The Honoured One
24
بالغ
Baaligh
He who attains the elevated station.
25
بار
Bar
Pious
26
بشیر
Basheer
The Messenger of Good News
27
بیان
Bayan
Obvious words
28
برھان
Burhan
The Evidence
29
بشریٰ
Bushraa
Giver of good tidings.
30
داع
Daa
The Invitor
31
دلیل الخیرات
Daleel ul Khyayraat
To guide to virtue.
32
فاتح
Faateh
The Victor
33
فاضل
Faazil
Virtuous.
34
فصیح اللسان
Faseehul Lisaan
The eloquent of speech.
35
فتاح
Fatah
The Successor, The Opener
36
غنی
Ghani
The Rich
37
قريب
Qarib
The Near
38
غوث
Ghaus
Succour, listener to complaints.
39
غیث
Ghays
Shower of mercy.
40
غیاث
Ghiyaas
Full of succour.
41
ھاد
Haad
The Leader
42
حبیب الله
Habeebullah
Beloved of Allah.
43
حبیب
Habieb
The Beloved
44
حفی
Hafeey
Very merciful.
45
حافظ
Hafiz
The Guardian
46
حکیم
Hakeem
The Wise
47
حامد
Hamid
The Praiser
48
حمید
Hamied
The Thankful
49
حق
Haq
The True, The Truth
50
حریص علیکم
Harees-un-Alaikum
The Covetous for the Believers
51
ھاشم
Hashim
The Destroyer, The Crusher of Evil
52
حاشر
Hashir
The Awakener, The Gatherer
53
ھاشمے
Hashmi
The Hashmi
54
ھدیه الله
Hidayatullah
Gift of Allah.
55
حجازی
Hijazi
The Hijazi
56
حزب الله
Hizbullah
Army of Allah.
57
ھدی
Hudaa
Guide.
58
حجه
Hujjat
The Right Argument
59
اکلیل
Ikleel
Chief (of Prophets)
60
امام
Imam
The Guide
61
امام المتقین
Imamul Muttaqeen
Leader of the pious.
62
عزالعرب
Izzul Arab
The honour of Arabs.
63
جامع
Jaami
Perfect.
64
جبار
Jabbar
Dominant.
65
جواد
Jawwad
The Generous
66
کاف
Kaaf
Sufficient, enough.
67
کامل
Kaamil
Perfect.
68
کاشف الکرب
Kaashiful Kurab
He who solves difficulties.
69
کفیل
Kafeel
Surety.
70
کلیم الله
Kaleemullah
Who converses with Allah.
71
کریم
Kareem
The Noble
72
خلیل الرحمٰن
Khaleel ur Rahman
The freind of Compassionate.
73
خلیل
Khalil
The True Friend
74
خاتم الانبیآء
Khatamul anbiya
Seal of the Prophets.
75
خاتم الرسل
Khatamur Rusul
Seal of Messengers.
76
خطیب الامم
Khateebul Umam
Sermoniser for the people.
77
خطیب
Khatieb
The Sermoniser
78
خاتم
Khatim
The Finalizer
79
ماح
Maah
The obliterator of Infidelity
80
مدنی
Madani
The Resident of Madina
81
مدعو
Madoow
Who is called.
82
مھد
Mahd
The Guided One
83
مھدی
Mahdee
Who is guided.
84
مھدی
Mahdiy
He Who is Well Guided
85
محمود
Mahmood
The Commendable
86
مکین
Makeen
Who is given Rank
87
مکین
Makeen
Who is given rank.
88
مخصوص بالعز
Makhsoos bil Izz
Chosen to be honoured.
89
مخصوص بالمجد
Makhsoos bil Majd
Chosen to be on the right path.
90
مخصوص بالشرف
Makhsoos bil Sharaf
Picked up as a noble.
91
معلوم
Maloom
Known.
92
مامون
Mamoon
Secure.
93
منصور
Mansoor
Who is helped
94
معراج
Maraj
The Place of Ascent, The Above
95
مشھود
Mashhood
He who is witnessed.
96
مشکور
Mashkoor
The Thankful
97
متین
Mateen
The Strong
98
موصول
Mawsool
Having link with Allah.
99
مفتاح
Miftaah
Key to the secrets.

 

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99 Names of Allah or Asma Allah Ul Husna

Here is the list of 99 names of Allah. A beautiful Ayat from the Holy Quran say; “Allah! there is no god but He! To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names.” (Qur’an 20:8)

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:
‘To God belongs 99 names, 100 minus 1, anyone who memorizes them will enter Paradise; He (God) is odd (odd number, he is the Only One), and He loves odd numbers (such as 99)’

List of 99 names of Allah list with meaning in English & Arabic

# Names  Transliteration   Meaning     Explanation
1

الرَّحْمَنُ

Ar-Rahman The Beneficent He who wills goodness and mercy for all His creatures
2

الرَّحِيمُ

Ar-Raheem The Merciful He who acts with extreme kindness
3

الْمَلِكُ

Al-Malik The Eternal Lord The Sovereign Lord, The One with the complete Dominion, the One Whose Dominion is clear from imperfection
4

الْقُدُّوسُ

Al-Quddus The Most Sacred The One who is pure from any imperfection and clear from children and adversaries
5

السَّلاَمُ

As-Salam The Embodiment of Peace The One who is free from every imperfection.
6

الْمُؤْمِنُ

Al-Mu’min The Infuser of Faith The One who witnessed for Himself that no one is God but Him. And He witnessed for His believers that they are truthful in their belief that no one is God but Him
7

الْمُهَيْمِنُ

Al-Muhaymin The Preserver of Safety The One who witnesses the saying and deeds of His creatures
8

الْعَزِيزُ

Al-Aziz The Mighty One The Strong, The Defeater who is not defeated
9

الْجَبَّارُ

Al-Jabbar The Omnipotent One The One that nothing happens in His Dominion except that which He willed
10

الْمُتَكَبِّرُ

Al-Mutakabbir The Dominant One The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures and from resembling them.
11

الْخَالِقُ

Al-Khaaliq The Creator The One who brings everything from non-existence to existence
12

الْبَارِئُ

Al-Baari The Evolver The Maker, The Creator who has the Power to turn the entities.
13

الْمُصَوِّرُ

Al-Musawwir The Flawless Shaper The One who forms His creatures in different pictures.
14

الْغَفَّارُ

Al-Ghaffaar The Great Forgiver The Forgiver, The One who forgives the sins of His slaves time and time again.
15

الْقَهَّارُ

Al-Qahhaar The All-Prevailing One The Dominant, The One who has the perfect Power and is not unable over anything.
16

الْوَهَّابُ

Al-Wahhab The Supreme Bestower The One who is Generous in giving plenty without any return. He is everything that benefits whether Halal or Haram.
17

الرَّزَّاقُ

Ar-Razzaq The Total Provider The Sustainer, The Provider.
18

الْفَتَّاحُ

Al-Fattah The Supreme Solver The Opener, The Reliever, The Judge, The One who opens for His slaves the closed worldly and religious matters.
19

اَلْعَلِيْمُ

Al-Alim The All-Knowing One The Knowledgeable; The One nothing is absent from His knowledge
20

الْقَابِضُ

Al-Qaabid The Restricting One The Constrictor, The Withholder, The One who constricts the sustenance by His wisdom and expands and widens it with His Generosity and Mercy.
21

الْبَاسِطُ

Al-Baasit The Extender The Englarger, The One who constricts the sustenance by His wisdom and expands and widens it with His Generosity and Mercy.
22

الْخَافِضُ

Al-Khaafid The Reducer The Abaser, The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction and raises whoever He willed by His Endowment.
23

الرَّافِعُ

Ar-Rafi The Elevating One The Exalter, The Elevator, The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction and raises whoever He willed by His Endowment.
24

الْمُعِزُّ

Al-Mu’izz The Honourer-Bestower He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no one to degrade Him; And He degrades whoever He willed, hence there is no one to give Him esteem.
25

المُذِلُّ

Al-Muzil The Abaser The Dishonourer, The Humiliator, He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no one to degrade Him; And He degrades whoever He willed, hence there is no one to give Him esteem.
26

السَّمِيعُ

As-Sami’ The All-Hearer The Hearer, The One who Hears all things that are heard by His Eternal Hearing without an ear, instrument or organ.
27

الْبَصِيرُ

Al-Baseer The All-Seeing The All-Noticing, The One who Sees all things that are seen by His Eternal Seeing without a pupil or any other instrument.
28

الْحَكَمُ

Al-Hakam The Impartial Judge The Judge, He is the Ruler and His judgment is His Word.
29

الْعَدْلُ

Al-Adl The Embodiment of Justice The Just, The One who is entitled to do what He does.
30

اللَّطِيفُ

Al-Lateef The Knower of Subtleties The Subtle One, The Gracious, The One who is kind to His slaves and endows upon them.
31

الْخَبِيرُ

Al-Khabeer The All-Aware One The One who knows the truth of things.
32

الْحَلِيمُ

Al-Haleem The Clement One The Forebearing, The One who delays the punishment for those who deserve it and then He might forgive them.
33

الْعَظِيمُ

Al-Azeem The Magnificent One The Great One, The Mighty, The One deserving the attributes of Exaltment, Glory, Extolement, and Purity from all imperfection.
34

الْغَفُورُ

Al-Ghafoor The Great Forgiver The All-Forgiving, The Forgiving, The One who forgives a lot.
35

الشَّكُورُ

Ash-Shakoor The Acknowledging One The Grateful, The Appreciative, The One who gives a lot of reward for a little obedience.
36

الْعَلِيُّ

Al-Aliyy The Sublime One The Most High, The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures.
37

الْكَبِيرُ

Al-Kabeer The Great One The Most Great, The Great, The One who is greater than everything in status.
38

الْحَفِيظُ

Al-Hafiz The Guarding One The Preserver, The Protector, The One who protects whatever and whoever He willed to protect.
39

المُقيِت

Al-Muqeet The Sustaining One The Maintainer, The Guardian, The Feeder, The One who has the Power.
40

الْحسِيبُ

Al-Haseeb The Reckoning One The Reckoner, The One who gives the satisfaction.
41

الْجَلِيلُ

Al-Jaleel The Majestic One The Sublime One, The Beneficent, The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and Glory of status.
42

الْكَرِيمُ

Al-Kareem The Bountiful One The Generous One, The Gracious, The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and Glory of status.
43

الرَّقِيبُ

Ar-Raqeeb The Watchful One The Watcher, The One that nothing is absent from Him. Hence it’s meaning is related to the attribute of Knowledge.
44

الْمُجِيبُ

Al-Mujeeb The Responding One The Responsive, The Hearkener, The One who answers the one in need if he asks Him and rescues the yearner if he calls upon Him.
45

الْوَاسِعُ

Al-Waasi’ The All-Pervading One The Vast, The All-Embracing, The Knowledgeable.
46

الْحَكِيمُ

Al-Hakeem The Wise One The Wise, The Judge of Judges, The One who is correct in His doings.
47

الْوَدُودُ

Al-Wadud The Loving One The One who loves His believing slaves and His believing slaves love Him. His love to His slaves is His Will to be merciful to them and praise them
48

الْمَجِيدُ

Al-Majeed The Glorious One The Most Glorious One, The One who is with perfect Power, High Status, Compassion, Generosity and Kindness.
49

الْبَاعِثُ

Al-Ba’ith The Infuser of New Life The Resurrector, The Raiser (from death), The One who resurrects His slaves after death for reward and/or punishment.
50

الشَّهِيدُ

Ash-Shaheed The All Observing Witness The Witness, The One who nothing is absent from Him.
51

الْحَقُّ

Al-Haqq The Embodiment of Truth The Truth, The True, The One who truly exists.
52

الْوَكِيلُ

Al-Wakeel The Universal Trustee The Trustee, The One who gives the satisfaction and is relied upon.
53

الْقَوِيُّ

Al-Qawwiyy The Strong One The Most Strong, The Strong, The One with the complete Power
54

الْمَتِينُ

Al-Mateen The Firm One The One with extreme Power which is un-interrupted and He does not get tired.
55

الْوَلِيُّ

Al-Waliyy The Protecting Associate The Protecting Friend, The Supporter.
56

الْحَمِيدُ

Al-Hameed The Sole-Laudable One The Praiseworthy, The praised One who deserves to be praised.
57

الْمُحْصِي

Al-Muhsee The All-Enumerating One The Counter, The Reckoner, The One who the count of things are known to him.
58

الْمُبْدِئُ

Al-Mubdi The Originator The One who started the human being. That is, He created him.
59

الْمُعِيدُ

Al-Mueed The Restorer The Reproducer, The One who brings back the creatures after death
60

الْمُحْيِي

Al-Muhyi The Maintainer of life The Restorer, The Giver of Life, The One who took out a living human from semen that does not have a soul. He gives life by giving the souls back to the worn out bodies on the resurrection day and He makes the hearts alive by the light of knowledge.
61

اَلْمُمِيتُ

Al-Mumeet The Inflictor of Death The Creator of Death, The Destroyer, The One who renders the living dead.
62

الْحَيُّ

Al-Hayy The Eternally Living One The Alive, The One attributed with a life that is unlike our life and is not that of a combination of soul, flesh or blood.
63

الْقَيُّومُ

Al-Qayyoom The Self-Subsisting One The One who remains and does not end.
64

الْوَاجِدُ

Al-Waajid The Pointing One The Perceiver, The Finder, The Rich who is never poor. Al-Wajd is Richness.
65

الْمَاجِدُ

Al-Maajid The All-Noble One The Glorious, He who is Most Glorious.
66

الْواحِدُ

Al-Waahid The Only One The Unique, The One, The One without a partner
67

اَلاَحَدُ

Al-Ahad The Sole One The One
68

الصَّمَدُ

As-Samad The Supreme Provider The Eternal, The Independent, The Master who is relied upon in matters and reverted to in ones needs.
69

الْقَادِرُ

Al-Qaadir The Omnipotent One The Able, The Capable, The One attributed with Power.
70

الْمُقْتَدِرُ

Al-Muqtadir The All Authoritative One The Powerful, The Dominant, The One with the perfect Power that nothing is withheld from Him.
71

الْمُقَدِّمُ

Al-Muqaddim The Expediting One The Expediter, The Promoter, The One who puts things in their right places. He makes ahead what He wills and delays what He wills.
72

الْمُؤَخِّرُ

Al-Mu’akhkhir The Procrastinator The Delayer, the Retarder, The One who puts things in their right places. He makes ahead what He wills and delays what He wills.
73

الأوَّلُ

Al-Awwal The Very First The First, The One whose Existence is without a beginning.
74

الآخِرُ

Al-Akhir The Infinite Last One The Last, The One whose Existence is without an end.
75

الظَّاهِرُ

Az-Zaahir The Perceptible The Manifest, The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is underneath Him, hence He exists without a place. He, The Exalted, His Existence is obvious by proofs and He is clear from the delusions of attributes of bodies.
76

الْبَاطِنُ

Al-Baatin The Imperceptible The Hidden, The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is underneath Him, hence He exists without a place. He, The Exalted, His Existence is obvious by proofs and He is clear from the delusions of attributes of bodies.
77

الْوَالِي

Al-Waali The Holder of Supreme Authority The Governor, The One who owns things and manages them.
78

الْمُتَعَالِي

Al-Muta’ali The Extremely Exalted One The Most Exalted, The High Exalted, The One who is clear from the attributes of the creation.
79

الْبَرُّ

Al-Barr The Fountain-Head of Truth The Source of All Goodness, The Righteous, The One who is kind to His creatures, who covered them with His sustenance and specified whoever He willed among them by His support, protection, and special mercy.
80

التَّوَابُ

At-Tawwaab The Ever-Acceptor of Repentance The Relenting, The One who grants repentance to whoever He willed among His creatures and accepts his repentance.
81

الْمُنْتَقِمُ

Al-Muntaqim The Retaliator The Avenger, The One who victoriously prevails over His enemies and punishes them for their sins. It may mean the One who destroys them.
82

العَفُوُّ

Al-Afuww The Supreme Pardoner The Forgiver, The One with wide forgiveness.
83

الرَّؤُوفُ

Ar-Ra’oof The Benign One The Compassionate, The One with extreme Mercy. The Mercy of Allah is His will to endow upon whoever He willed among His creatures.
84

مَالِكُ الْمُلْكِ

Maalik-ul-Mulk The Eternal Possessor of Sovereignty The One who controls the Dominion and gives dominion to whoever He willed.
85

ذُوالْجَلاَلِ وَالإكْرَامِ

Zul-Jalaali-wal-Ikram The Possessor of Majesty and Honour The Lord of Majesty and Bounty, The One who deserves to be Exalted and not denied.
86

الْمُقْسِطُ

Al-Muqsit The Just One The Equitable, The One who is Just in His judgment.
87

الْجَامِعُ

Al-Jaami’ The Assembler of Scattered Creations The Gatherer, The One who gathers the creatures on a day that there is no doubt about, that is the Day of Judgment.
88

الْغَنِيُّ

Al-Ghaniyy The Self-Sufficient One The One who does not need the creation.
89

الْمُغْنِي

Al-Mughni The Bestower of Sufficiency The Enricher, The One who satisfies the necessities of the creatures.
90

اَلْمَانِعُ

Al-Maani’ The Preventer The Withholder.
91

الضَّارَّ

Ad-Daarr The Distressor The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed and benefit to whoever He willed.
92

النَّافِعُ

An-Naafi’ The Bestower of Benefits The Propitious, The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed and benefit to whoever He willed.
93

النُّورُ

An-Noor The Prime Light The Light, The One who guides.
94

الْهَادِي

Al-Haadi The Provider of Guidance The Guide, The One whom with His Guidance His believers were guided, and with His Guidance the living beings have been guided to what is beneficial for them and protected from what is harmful to them.
95

الْبَدِيعُ

Al-Badi’ The Unique One The Incomparable, The One who created the creation and formed it without any preceding example.
96

اَلْبَاقِي

Al-Baaqi The Ever Surviving One The Everlasting, The One that the state of non-existence is impossible for Him.
97

الْوَارِثُ

Al-Waaris The Eternal Inheritor The Heir, The One whose Existence remains.
98

الرَّشِيدُ

Ar-Rasheed The Guide to Path of Rectitude The Guide to the Right Path, The One who guides.
99

الصَّبُورُ

As-Saboor The Extensively Enduring One The Patient, The One who does not quickly punish the sinners.

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Reading The Holy Quran – Manners When Reading Quran

Etiquette When Reading The Holy Quran

The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said,  “The most excellent worship before me is recitation of the Qur’an.”

In another narration about Reading The Holy Quran:

‘The hearts gather rust like iron!’, declared the Prophet ﷺ.

The Companions رضي الله عنهم enquired, ‘O Prophet of Allah ﷺ! How can it be removed?’

He ﷺ replied, ‘Through recitation of the Qur’an and the remembrance of death.’

Manners Of The Heart

A. UNDERSTANDING OF THE ORIGIN OF THE WORDS

This is an indication to the greatness of the words being read, and the bounty of Allah; Glorified is He, to His creation when He addressed His creation with these words.

B. PUTTING INTO THE HEART THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THESE ARE NOT THE WORDS OF MAN

Through this the reader should think about the characteristics of Allah the Exalted.

C. PRESENCE OF THE HEART WHILE READING

Through this the reader should throw away other thoughts while reading the Qur’an.

D. PONDERING THE MEANING

There is less reward in reciting the Qur’an without understanding the meaning. The Qur’an was revealed for guidance and this can be achieved through recitation accompanied with pondering.

E. UNDERSTANDING THE MEANING

This means interacting and reacting to every verse according to what is proper for it.

F. INDIVIDUALIZATION

This means that the reader feels that every message in the Qur’an is meant especially for him personally.

External Manners For Reading The Holy Quran

Purity of body and clothes and place.
Using sawak.
Facing the Qiblah.
Seeking refuge from rejected Satan and reading the basmalah.
Not reading when yawning.
Avoiding cutting off reading to talk with people.
Stopping at a verse of warning and seeking protection with Allah, and stopping at a verse of mercy and asking The Merciful for His bounty.
Humbleness and crying when reading.
Imam An-Nawwawi may Allah be Merciful to him said: Crying when reading the Qur’an is a characteristic of those who know Allah (know Him through His names and Characteristics) and the feelings of the righteous.

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What is Tajweed and How to Learn Tajweed?

How To Learn Tajweed?

If you are wondering how to learn tajweed then the answer is that the tajweed and its application can only be learned with a qualified teacher. The tajweed rules themselves can be studied independently, but their correct application can only be done by listening to, reciting to, and being corrected by, a qualified teacher of the Qur’an.

DO ALL ARABS KNOW HOW TO RECITE THE QUR’AN WITH PROPER TAJWEED?

Unfortunately many do not know proper tajweed.  In the days of the Prophet, peace and blessing upon him, there was no need for the study of tajweed because they talked with what is now known as tajweed; in other words, it was natural for them.  Now, over 14 centuries later, colloquial Arabic has changed radically from the classical Arabic with which the Qur’an was revealed, and Arabs have to study tajweed, just in the same way that non-Arabs do.

I WANT TO LEARN TO RECITE THE QUR’AN WITH PROPER TAJWEED, BUT DON’T KNOW WHERE TO START.

The first step is finding a qualified Qur’an teacher who will listen to you and point out your mistakes, and help you practice fixing them.  You will need to learn the Arabic letters and vowels too.

WHAT IF THERE AREN’T ANY QUALIFIED TEACHERS WHERE I LIVE?

Then your task is going to be a little harder, but certainly not impossible.  You need to work with tapes of good reciters, for example, Sheikh Abdullah Basfar, or Sheikh Mohammed Hosary.  There are sets available on the Internet and in Islamic stores that are called “mu’alm”.  In these sets, the reciter reads a phrase, and then there is a blank space on the tape, allowing the student to repeat what the reciter has just read.

You will need to work on the pronunciation of letters by getting a description of the articulation points and practice placing your tongue, lips, or finding the place in your throat where the letter is articulated from, and compare it to the letter when recited by the Sheikh.

PRINCIPLES OF TAJWEED

One who wishes to learn a science needs to know its principles so that he will gain insight into the sought science.  There are several principles in the science of tajweed that should be understood:

1. ITS DEFINITION

By linguistic definition: Betterment

Applied definition: Articulating every letter from its articulation point and giving the letter its rights and dues of characteristics. Rights of the letters are its required characteristics that never leave it.  The dues of the letters are its presented characteristics that are present in it some of the time, and not present at other times.  i.e. the medd, idgham

2. ITS FORMATION

The words of the Glorious Qur’an and some said Honorable Hadiths also.

3. ITS FRUITS

It is preserving the tongue from mistakes in pronunciation of the Glorious Qur’an during reading.

4. ITS PRECEDENCE

It is one of the most honored of sciences and one of the best of them due to its relation to Allah’s words.

5. ITS PLACE WITHIN THE SCIENCES

It is one of the Islamic Law sciences that are related to the Glorious Qur’an.

6. ITS FOUNDER

The rule setter from the practical point of view is the Messenger of Allah(pbuh) because the Qur’an was revealed to him from Allah, the most High, with tajweed, and he, was instructed on it from the Trustworthy, Jibreel, peace be upon him, and taught it to his companions, who then taught it to their followers and so on until it came to us by these chains.  The rule setters from the scientific point of view are the scholars of Qur’anic sciences, such as Abu ‘Ubaid Al-Qasim bin Sallaam.

7. ITS PRECEPT

Knowledge of tajweed is fardh kifayaah, meaning some of the Muslim community must know it, and its application is fardh ‘ain, required by all Muslims (men and women) who have the complete Qur’an or part of it memorized, even if only one surah.

8.  REASONS FOR ITS RULES

Guarding the Glorious Qur’an and preserving it from distortion.  The Arabs mixed with non-Arabs after the spread of Islam, and the Muslims feared that the Arab tongue would become corrupted with this intermixing.  It then became mandatory for rules to be put down that would preserve the recitation of the Qur’an from mistakes, and guarantee the reader of the Qur’an integrity of pronunciation.

9.  ITS PRINCIPLES

The knowledge of tajweed is contingent on four matters:

  1. Knowledge of the articulation points of the letters
  2. Knowledge of the characteristics of the letters
  3. Knowledge of what rules change in the letters due to the order of letters
  4. Exercising the tongue and a lot of repetition.

COMMON TAJWEED ERRORS

The two most common tajweed mistakes made by non-Arabs are the timings of the vowels, and medd letters, and in the articulation points of the letters.  The first type of mistake has been addressed in the first of what will be, insha’ Allah many tidbits; please see the tidbit lesson link.  The second type of mistake, that in the letters themselves, is a major problem that needs to be addressed by all non-Arabs, whether they are Westerners, Europeans, Africans, from the Indo Pakistani subcontinent, or from Eastern Asia.  At the outset, the letters that occur in Arabic that are not common in other languages would be what one would imagine to be a problem, but in fact, there are letters in Arabic that are similar to other languages, but do not share the same articulation points with their counterparts.

The letters that occur in Arabic, that are not common in other languages are:

ض  ص  غ  ع  خ  ح  ط  ظ

The articulation points of all the Arabic letters will be described later, insha’Allah in a future tidbit lesson.

Letters that have similar sounds in other languages, but in fact have different articulation points are:

د  ت  ف  ك  ر  ل

The first two  (starting from the right), use the tip of the tongue from the top side and what lies opposite from the tip of the tongue from the gum line of the two top front incisors.  Many different languages have similar letters, as in English there is “d” and “t”, but they articulate these letters at a posterior position in the mouth from what the Arabs use as an articulation point.  The result is an incorrect pronunciation of these letters when reading Qur’an.

The ra’ and lam are two letters that non-Arabs have some difficulty in pronouncing correctly.  The ra’ uses the tip of the tongue and the top of the tip and the gums of the two top incisors, but the trick to the ra’ is actually hitting the gum.  Many Muslims try to pronounce the ra’ without touching the tongue to the gum.  Some mistakenly use the throat, like the French do in the French “r”.  The Arabic lam has the widest use of the tongue of any other letters, but uses only the end of the sides of the tongue until it ends at the tip, which then hits the gums of the front upper eight teeth.

The above are just brief summaries of the letters, and as stated before, Insha’Allah soon a tidbit lesson will be posted with all the articulation points discussed in detail.

A third mistake incurred by Arabs and non-Arabs alike is in making proper stops and starts.  There is more than one aspect to this mistake.  The first aspect is that the proper way to stop on a word is by putting a sukoon, or absence of a vowel on the last letter of the word.  It is not allowed to stop using the harakah, or vowel on the last letter of the word.  The second aspect of stopping is that of stopping at a place that doesn’t contradict the meaning intended by Allah, the Exalted.  The same mistake can occur when starting up after stopping and taking a breath.  One cannot just start on the next word arbitrarily, instead the meaning needs to be considered, and the start should be on a word that portrays the correct and complete meaning, even if the reciter needs to go back two or three words.  The stop and start will be explained in detail, insha’ Allah in future tidbit lessons.

One note that is of utmost importance.  It is vital that the Muslim learn the Arabic letters and vowels and recite the Qur’an using them, NOT a transliteration.  Transliterations do not take into account the various letters that sound similar to the untrained ear, but are very different in pronunciation.  The Qur’an is the word of Allah, revealed to man as a guidance, and we have to be extremely careful to read it, as best we can, with proper pronunciation.  Reading a transliteration can lead to changing the meaning of the Arabic Qur’an by mispronouncing letters.

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Surah Al Kauser | Surah Al Kausar English Translation and Tafsir

Read, understand and memorize Surah Al Kauser with English translation and transliteration. It is the 108th Surah in the Quran Majeed with 3 verses. Surah Al Kauser position in the Quran Pak in Juz 30 and it is called Makki Surah of Quran Kareem.

Surah Al-Kawthar – Arabic Text

بِسمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحمٰنِ الرَّحيمِ

1.  إِنَّآ أَعْطَيْنَٰكَ ٱلْكَوْثَرَ
2. فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَٱنْحَرْ
3. إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ ٱلْأَبْتَرُ

Surah Al Kauthar – English Transliteration

Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem

  1. Innaa a’taina kal kauthar
  2. Fa salli li rabbika wanhar
  3. Inna shani-aka huwal abtar

Surah Al Kauser – English Translation

Abdullah Yusuf Ali Translation
  1. To thee have We granted the Fount (of Abundance).
  2. Therefore to thy Lord turn in Prayer and Sacrifice.
  3. For he who hateth thee, he will be cut off (from Future Hope).

Video: Surah Al-Kawthar With Transliteration, English & Urdu Translation

Surah Al Kauser – Tafsir 

By Abul A’la Maududi

The full meaning of the word kauthar, as used here, cannot perhaps be expressed in one word in any language of the world. This is an intensive form of the noun kathrat which literally means abundance, but the context in which it has been used does not give the meaning of mere abundance but abundance of good, of spiritual benefits and blessings, and of such abundance which is unbounded and limitless, and it does not imply any one good or benefit or blessing but abundance of countless benefits and blessings.

Have a look again at the background of this Surah given in the Introduction. The enemies thought that Muhammad (peace be upon him) had been completely ruined: he was cut off from the community and had become utterly helpless and powerless; his trade was ruined; his male children who could perpetuate his name were dead; the message that he presented was such that except for a handful of the people no one in entire Arabia, not to speak of Makkah, was prepared to listen to it.

Therefore, failure and disappointment would be his lot as long as he lived and there would be no one in posterity to remember him when he died. Under such conditions when Allah said: We have granted you the Kauthar, this by itself gave the meaning: Your foolish opponents think that you are ruined and deprived of the good things that you enjoyed before Prophethood, but the fact is that We have favored you with unbounded good and countless blessings.

This included the matchless moral qualities which the Prophet (peace be upon him) was blessed with; this included the great blessings of Prophethood and the Quran, the knowledge and wisdom that were granted to him; this included the blessing of Tauhid and also of such a system of life whose simple and intelligible, rational and natural, and comprehensive principles had the potential to spread throughout the world and of continuing to spread for ever afterwards. This also included the blessing of the exaltation of renown because of which the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) blessed name continues to be exalted throughout the world since 1400 years and will continue to be so exalted till Resurrection.

This also included the blessing that by his preaching eventually such a world-wide community came into being, which became the standard-bearer of truth in the world forever, which can claim to have produced the greatest number of the pious, virtuous and noble character people in any one nation, and which even when corrupted and deprived has the highest good in it as against every other nation of the world. This also included the blessing that the Prophet (peace be upon him) during his very lifetime witnessed his invitation and message attaining to the highest success and the preparation of a community which had the power to dominate the world.

This also included the blessing that although on his being deprived of the male offspring the enemies thought he would be lost to posterity, yet Allah not only blessed him with the spiritual offspring in the form of Muslims, who will continue to exalt his name in the world till Resurrection but also granted him from his one daughter, Fatimah, the natural progeny, who have spread throughout world and whose only mark of distinction and pride is that they trace their descent from him.

These are the blessings which the people have seen and witnessed as to how abundantly Allah has blessed His Prophet (peace be upon him) within the world. In addition, Kauthar also implies two other great blessings which Allah will bestow on him in the Hereafter. We had no means of knowing these; therefore the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself gave us news of them, and told us that Kauthar also implied them. First, the Fountain of Kauthar, which he will be granted on the Resurrection Day in the Plain of Assembly; second, the River Kauthar, which he will be granted in Paradise. About both such a large number of the Ahadith have been reported from him through such a large number of the reporters that there remains no doubt about their authenticity.

What the Prophet (peace be upon him) said about the Fountain of Kauthar is as follows:

This Fountain will be granted to him on the Resurrection Day when there will be the cry of al-atash, alatash (thirst, thirst!) on every side. The Prophet’s (peace be upon him) community will gather together before him at it and will be watered thereby. He himself will be the first to arrive at it and will be occupying the central position.

He has said: This is a Fountain at which my Ummah will assemble on the Resurrection Day. (Muslim: Kitab as-Salat Abu Daud: Kitab as-Sunnah). I shall have arrived at the Fountain before you. (Bukhari: Kitab ar-Riqaq and Kitab al- Fitan; Muslim: Kitab al-Fidail and Kitab at-Taharah; lbn Majah: Kitab al Manasik and Kitab az-Zuhd. Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Abdullah bin Masud, Abdullah bin Abbas, Abu Hurairah).

I shall be there before you and shall bear witness on you, and by God, I am seeing my Fountain even at this time. (Bukhari: Kitab al-jana-iz Kitab al- Maghazi, Kitab ar-Riqaq).

Addressing an assembly of the Ansar, the Prophet (peace be upon him) once said: After me you will meet with selfishness and nepotism, endure it patiently until you meet me at the Fountain. (Bukhari: Kitab Manaqib al-Ansar and Kitab al-Maghazi; Muslim: Kitab al-Iman; Tirmidhi: Kitab al-Fitan).

I shall be near the middle of the Fountain on the Resurrection Day. (Muslim: Kitab al-Fadail).

Abu Barzah Aslami was asked: Have you heard something about the Fountain from the Prophet (peace be upon him). He replied: Not once, or twice, or thrice, or four or five times, but over and over again. May Allah deprive of its water the one who belies it. (Abu Daud: Kitab as-Sunnah).

Ubaidullah bin Ziyad thought that the traditions about the Fountain were false; so much so that he belied all the traditions reported by Abu Barzah Aslami, Bara bin Aazib and Aaidh bin Amr. At last, Abu Sabrah brought out a writing which he had written down after hearing it from Abdullah bin Amr bin alAas, and it contained this saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): Beware! Your place of meeting me will be my Fountain. (Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Abdullah bin Amr bin alAas).

Different dimensions of the Fountain have been given in different traditions, but according to a large number of the traditions it will extend from Aylah (the present Israeli seaport of Ilat) to Sana’a of Yaman, or from Aylah to Adan, or from Amman to Adan in length, and from Aylah to Juhfah (a place between Jeddah and Rabigh) in breadth. (Bukhari: Kitab ar-Riqaq; Abu Daud at Tayalisi: Hadith No. 995; Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Abu Bakr Siddiq and Abdullah bin Umar; Muslim: Kitab at-Taharah and Kitab al-Fadail; Tirmidhi Abwab Sifat al-Qiyamah; Ibn Majah: Kitab az-Zuhd). From this it appears that on the Resurrection Day the present Red Sea itself will be turned into the Fountain of Kauthar. And the correct knowledge is only with Allah.

About this Fountain the Prophet (peace be upon him) has told us that water will be supplied to it from the River Kauthar of Paradise (which is being mentioned below). Two channels from Paradise will flow into it and supply water to it. (Muslim: Kitab al-Fadail). According to another tradition: A canal from the River Kauthar of Paradise will be opened towards this Fountain. (Musnad Ahmad; Marwiyyat Abdullah bin Masud).

According to the description of it given by the Prophet (peace be upon him) its water will be whiter than milk (according to other traditions whiter than silver, and according to still others, whiter than snow), cooler than snow, sweeter than honey; the earth of its bed will be more fragrant than musk; the water jugs set at it will be as numerous as the stars in the sky; the one who drinks from it would never thirst; and the one who is deprived of it will never have his thirst satisfied. These things with a little variation in wording have been reported in numerous Ahadith (Bukhari: Kitab ar-Riqaq; Muslim: Kitab at- Taharah and Kitab al-Fadail; Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Ibn Masud, Ibn Umar, Abdullah bin Amr bin alAas; Tirmidhi: Abwab Sifat al-Qiyanmah: Ibn Majah: Kitab az- Zuhd; Abu Daud: Tayalisi, Ahadith No. 995, 2135).

Concerning it the Prophet (peace be upon him) warned the people of his time again and again, saying: After me those from among you who would effect changes in my way, will be removed from the Fountain and will be disallowed to approach it. I shall say: they are my companions, but it will be said: Don’t you know what they did after you? Then I too shall discard them and tell them to keep away. This subject has been expressed in many traditions. (Bukhari: Kitab ar-Rigaq, Kitab al-Fitan; Muslim: Kitab at-Tahara and Kitab al-Fadail Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Ibn Masud, Abu Hurairah; Ibn Majah: Kitab al-Manasik. The Hadith which Ibn Majah has related in this connection contains very pathetic words.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Beware! I shall have arrived at the Fountain before you and shall pride myself by your means upon the greater numbers of my Ummah as against other Ummahas. Do not at that time cause my face to be blackened. Beware! I shall have some people released, and some people shall be separated from me. I shall say: O my Lord, they are my companions. He will reply: Don’t you know what innovations they introduced after you? According to Ibn Majah, these words were said by the Prophet (peace be upon him) in his Sermon at Arafat.

Likewise, the Prophet (peace be upon him) has also warned the Muslims coming after him till Resurrection, saying: Whoever from among you will swerve from my way and effect changes in it, will be removed from the Fountain. I shall say: O Lord, they belong to me, they are the people of my Ummah. In response it will be said: Don’t you know what changes they effected after you and then turned back on their heels? Then I shall also turn them away and shall not allow them to approach the Fountain. Many traditions on this subject are found in the Hadith. (Bukhari: Kitab al- Musaqat, Kitab ar-Riqaq, Kitab al-Fitan; Muslim: Kitab at- Taharah. Katab as-Salat, Kitab al-Fadail; Ibn Majah: Kitab az-Zuhd; Musnad Ahmad: Marwiyyat Ibn Abbas).

Traditions about this Fountain have been related by more than 50 companions, and the earlier scholars generally have taken it to mean the Fountain of Kauthar. Imam Bukhari has named the last chapter of his Kitab ar-Riqaq as Babun fil hawd wa qual-Allahu inna a tainak al-Kauthar, and in a tradition from Anas there is the explanation that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said about Kauthar: It is a Fountain at which my Ummah shall alight.

The River Kauthar which the Prophet (peace be upon him) shall be granted in Paradise, also has been mentioned in a large number of the traditions of Hadith. Many traditions have been related on the authority of Anas in which he says, and in some he explains that he is reporting the exact words of the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself, that on the occasion of miraj; the Prophet (peace be upon him) was taken round Paradise and shown a river on the banks of which there were vaults of pearls or precious stones carved from within; the earth of its bed was of the strong-scented musk.

He asked Gabriel, or the angel who took him round, what it was? He replied that it was the River Kauthar, which Allah had granted him. (Musnad Ahmad, Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Abu Daud Tayalisi, Ibn Jarir) Again, according to Anas, the Prophet (peace be upon him) was asked (or a person asked him):What is the Kauthar? He replied; It is a River which Allah has granted me in Paradise. Its earth is musk: its water is whiter than milk and sweeter than honey. (Musnad Ahmad, Tirmidhi, lbn Jarir; according to another tradition of Musnad Ahmad, describing the merits of the River Kauthar the Prophet said that at its bottom there are pearls instead of pebbles.

Ibn Umar says that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The Kauthar is a river in Paradise the banks of which are golden; it flows on pearls and diamonds (i.e. its bed has diamonds instead of pebbles); its earth smells sweeter than musk; its water is whiter than milk (or snow), cooler than snow and sweeter than honey.” (Musnad Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Ibn Abi Hatim, Darimi, Abu Daud Tayalisi, Ibn al-Mundhir, Ibn Marduyah, Ibn Abi Shaibah). Usamah bin Zaid says that the Prophet (peace be upon him) once went to visit Usamah; he was not at home; his wife entertained him and during the conversation said My husband has told me that you have been granted a river in Paradise, which is called the Kauthar. The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: Yes, and its bed is of rubies and corals and emeralds and pearls. (Ibn Jarir, Ibn Marduyah.

Though the sanad of this tradition is weak, the presence of a large number of traditions dealing with this subject strengthens it). Besides these marfu traditions, a great many sayings of the companions and their successors have been related in the Hadith to the effect that the Kauthar implies a river in Paradise. These traditions describe its qualities as have been mentioned above. For instance, the sayings of Abdullah bin Umar, Abdullah bin Abbas, Anas bin Malik, Aishah, Mujahid and Abul Aliyah are found in Musnad Ahmad, Bukhari, Tirmidhi, Nasai; and the books of Ibn Marduyah, Ibn Jarir, Ibn Abi Shaibah and other traditionists.

Different commentaries of it have been reported from different scholars. Some of them take the Prayer to mean the five times obligatory Prayer (salat); some take it to imply the Prayer of Id al-Adha, and some say that it implies the Prayer itself. Likewise, the meaning of wanhar and sacrifice according to some illustrious scholars, is to place the right hand over the left hand and to fold them on the chest in the Prayer; some say that it implies raising both hands with Allahu Akbar at the commencement of the Prayer; some say that it implies raising both hands at the commencement of the Prayer, at bowing for Ruku and after rising from Ruku; and some say that it means performing the Id al-Adha Prayer and then offering the animal sacrifice.

But if the context in which this command has been enjoined, is considered, its meaning clearly seems to be: O Prophet, when your Lord has granted you so many and so splendid blessings, then you should perform the Prayer only for His sake and offer sacrifice only for His sake. This command was given in the environment when not only the pagans of Quraish but the pagans of entire Arabia and the world worshipped their self-made gods and offered sacrifices at their shrines. Therefore, the intention of the command is: Contrary to the polytheistic practice, you should remain steadfast to your creed: your Prayer is only for Allah and your sacrifice is also for Him alone, as it has been said at another place: Declare, O Prophet, my salat and my sacrifice and my life and my death are all for Allah, Lord of the universe, Who has no partner with Him.

This is what I have been enjoined, and I am the first to surrender to Him. (Surah Al-Anaam, Ayats 162-163). This same meaning has been explained of it by Ibn Abbas. Ata, Mujahid, Ikrimah, Hasan Basri, Qatadah, Muhammad bin Kaab al-Qurzi, Dahhak, Rabi bin Anas, Ata al-Khurasani and many other major commentators. (Ibn Jarir). However, this by itself is correct that when the Prophet (peace be upon him) enforced by Allah’s command the practice of the Id al-Adha Prayer and the offering of animal sacrifice at Al-Madinah, he himself gave the first place to the Prayer (salat and the second to the sacrifice, as commanded in the verses: Inna salati wa nusuki and fa-salli li-Rabbika wanhar, and also enjoined on the Muslims to do the same, i.e. they should first perform the Prayer and then offer the sacrifice. This is neither the explanation of this verse nor the occasion of its revelation but a deduction made by the Prophet (peace be upon him) from these verses and his deduction of injunctions is also a kind of divine inspiration.

The word shani as used, in the original is derived from shaan, which means the hatred and spite because of which a person may start ill-treating another. At another place in the Quran it has been said: (And O Muslims,) the enmity of any people should not so provoke you as to turn you away from justice. (Surah Al-Maidah, Ayat 8). Thus, shani aka implies every such person who blinded by his enmity of the Prophet (peace be upon him) should bring false accusations against him, slander and defame him and vent his personal spite against him by taunting and scoffing at him in every possible way.

Huwal abtar: He himself is abtar, i.e. though he calls you abtar, he in fact himself is abtar. Some explanations of abtar have already been given in the Introduction to the Surah. It is derived from batar which means to cut off, but idiomatically it is used in a comprehensive meaning. In the Hadith, the rakah of the Prayer which is not coupled with another rakah is called butaira, i.e. the lonely rakah. According to another Hadith, every piece of work, which is in any way important, is abtar if it is started without the glorification and praise of Allah implying that it is cut off from the root; it has no stability; and it is doomed to failure.

A man who fails to achieve his object is abtar as also the one who is deprived of all means and resources. A person who is left with no hope of any good and success in life is also abtar. A person who has been cut off from his family, brotherhood, associates and helpers is also abtar. The word abtar is also used for the man who has no male child, or whose male child or children have died, for after him there remains no one to remember him and he is lost to posterity after death. In almost all these meanings the disbelieving Quraish called the Prophet (peace be upon him) abtar. At this, Allah said: O Prophet, not you but your enemies are abtar. This was not merely a reprisal, but a prophecy out of the most important prophecies of the Quran, which literally proved true.

When it was made, the people regarded the Prophet (peace be upon him) as abtar, and no one could imagine how the big chiefs of the Quraish would become abtar, who were famous not only in Makkah but throughout Arabia, who were successful in life, rich in worldly wealth and children, who had their associates and helpers everywhere in the country, who enjoyed intimate relations with all the Arabian tribes, being monopolists in trade and managers of Hajj. But not long afterwards the conditions altogether changed. There was a time when on the occasion of the Battle of the Trench (A.H. 5) the Quraish had invaded Al-Madinah with the help of many Arabian and Jewish tribes, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) being besieged had to resist the enemy by digging a trench around the city. After only three years, in A.H. 8, when he attacked Makkah, the Quraish had no helper and they had to surrender helplessly. After this within a year or so the whole Arabia came under his control, deputations of tribes from all over the country began to visit him to take the oaths of allegiance and his enemies were left utterly helpless and resource-less.

Then they were so lost to posterity that even if their children survived, none of them today knows that he is a descendent of Abu Jahl, Abu Lahab, Aas bin Wail, or Uqbah bin Abi Muait, the enemies of Islam, and even if he knows it, he is not prepared to claim that his ancestors were those people. On the contrary, blessings are being invoked on the children of the Prophet (peace be upon him) throughout the world; millions and millions of Muslims take pride in bearing relationship to him; hundreds of thousands of people regard it as a mark of honor and prestige to have descended not only from him but from his family and even the families of his companions. Thus, some one is a Sayyid, another an Alavi, and Abbasi, a Hashmi, a Siddiqi, a Faruqi, an Uthmani, a Zubairi, or an Ansari, but no one is an Abu Jahli or Abu Lahabi. History has proved that not the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) but his enemies were, and are, abtar.

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Learn Arabic Basic Verbs

Learn Arabic Basic Verbs (أفعال أساسية)

English Standard Arabic Transliteration Egyptian Arabic Transliteration
to be (not used in present tense) كان – يكون (كون) kaana – yakuunu (koon) kaan – yikuun (koon)
to do; to make فعل – يفعل (فعل) fa3ala – yaf3alu (fa3l) عمل – يعمل 3amal – yi3mil (3amal)
to work عمل – يعمل (عمل) 3amala – ya3milu (3amal) اشتغل – يشتغل (سغل) ištaġal – yištaġil (šuġl)
to bring, fetch أحضر – يحضر (احضار) aHDara – yuHDiru (iHDaar) جاب – يجيب (جيبان) gaab – yigiib (gayabaan)
to take أخذ – يأخذ (أخذ) axada – ya’xudu (axd) خد – ياخد (اخد) xad – yaaxud (axd)
to put وضع – يضع (وضع) waDa3a – yaDa3u (waD3) حطّ – يحطّ (حطّ) HaTT – yiHoTT (HaTT)
to become أصبح – يصبح (اصباح) aSbaHa – yuSbiHu (iSbaaH) بقى – يبقى ba’a – yib’a
to change (s.t.) غيّر – يغيّر (تغيير) ġayyara – yuġayyiru (taġyiir) ġayyar – yiġayyar (taġyiir)
to count عدّ – يعدّ (عدّ) 3adda – ya3uddu (3add) 3add – yi3idd (3add)
to go (to) ذهب – يذهب (ذهاب) إلى dahaba – yadhabu (dahaab) ila راح – يروح (مرواح | روحان) raaH – yiruuH (mirwaaH/rawaHaan)
to walk مشى – يمشي (مشي) maša – yamši (mašy) مشي – يمشي (مشي) miši – yimši (mašy)
to run جرى – يجري (جري) jara – yajri (jary) geri – yigri (gary)
to come جاء – يجئ (جيئة) jaa’a – yajii’u (jii’a) جه – يجي (مجي) geh – yiigi (migiyy)
أتى – يأتي (اتي) ata – yaa’ti (aty)
to return رجع – يرجع (رجوع) إلى raja3a – yarja3u (rujuu3) rigi3 – yirga3 (ruguu3)
عاد – يعود (عودة) إلى 3aada – ya3uudu (3awda)
to arrive وصل – يصل (وصول) إلى waSala – yaSilu (wuSuul) ila وصل – يوصل (وصول) wiSil – yiwSil (wuSuul)
to sit جلس – يجلس (جلوس) jalasa – yajlisu (juluus) قعد – يقعد (قعاد) ‘a3ad – yu’3ud (‘u3aad)
to get up, rise قام – يقوم (قيام) qaama – yaquumu (qiyaam) ‘aam – yi’uum (‘iyaam)
to fall وقع – يقع (وقوع) waqa3a – yaqa3u (wuquu3) وقع – يوقع (وقوع) wi’i3 – yiw’a3 (wu’uu3)
سقط – يسقط (سقوط) saqaTa – yasquTu (suquuT)
to go up طلع – يطلع (طلوع) Tala3a – yaTla3u (Tuluu3) Tili3 – yiTla3 (Tuluu3)
to go down نزل – ينزل (نزول) nazila – yanzilu (nuzuul) nizil – yinzil (nuzuul)
to cook طبخ – يطبخ (طبخ) Tabaxa – yaTbuxu (Tabx) Tabax – yiTbux (Tabx)
to eat أكل – يأكل (أكل) akala – yaa’kulu (akl) كل – ياكل (أكل) kal – yaakul (akl)
to drink شرب – يشرب (شرب) šariba – yašrabu (šurb) širib – yišrab (šurb)
to wake up صحى – يصحو (صحو) SaHa – yaSHu (SaHw) صحي – يصحى (صحو) SaHa – yiSHa (SaHw)
استيقظ – يستيقظ (استيقاظ) istayqaZa – yastayqiZu (istiiqaaZ)
to sleep نام – ينام (نوم) naama – yanaamu (nawm) naam – yinaam (noom)
to wash غسل – يغسل (غسل) ġasala – yaġsilu (ġasl) ġasal – yiġsil (ġasl/ġasiil)
to clean نظّف – ينظّف (تنظيف) naZZafa – yunaZZifu (tanZiif) naZZaf – yinaZZaf (tanZiif)
to study درس – يدرس (دراسة) darasa – yadrusu (diraasa) daras – yidris (diraasa)
to learn تعلّم – يتعلّم (تعلّم) ta3allama – yata3allamu (ta3allum) اتعلّم – يتعلّم (تعلّم) it3allim – yit3allim (ta3allum)
to understand فهم – يفهم (فهم) fahima – yafhamu (fahm) fihim – yifham (fahm)
to know عرف – يعرف (معرفة) 3arafa – ya3rifu (ma3rifa) 3irif – yi3raf (ma3rifa)
to remember تذكر – يتذكر (تذكر) tadakkara – yatadakkaru (tadakkur) افتكر – يفتكر (افتكار) iftakar – yiftikir (iftikaar)
to forget نسي – ينسى (نسي) nasiya – yansaa (nasi) nisi – yinsa (nasi)
to describe وصف – يصف (وصف) waSafa – yaSifu (waSf) وصف – يوصف (وصف) waSaf – yiwSif (waSf)
to try, test (s.t) جرّب – يجرّب (تجريب) jarraba – yujarribu (tajriib) garrab – yigarrib (tagriib)
to try, attempt to do s.t. حاول – يحاول (محاولة) أن Haawala – yuHaawilu (muHaawala) an
to be able to do s.t. قدر – يقدر (قدرة) أن qadara – yaqdiru (qudra) an ‘idir – yi’dir (‘odra)
استطاع – يستطيع (استطاعة) أن istaTaa3a – yastaTii3u (istiTaa3a) an
to read قرأ – يقرأ (قراءة) qara’a – yaqra’ (qiraa’a) قرأ – يقرأ (قراية) ‘ara – yi’ra (‘iraaya)
to write كتب – يكتب (كتابة) kataba – yaktubu (kitaaba) katab – yiktib (kitaaba)
to translate ترجم – يترجم (ترجمة) tarjama – yutarjimu (tarjama) targam – yitargim (targama)
to talk (reflexive) تكلّم – يتكلّم (كلام | تكلّم) takallama – yatakallamu (kalaam/takallum) اتكلّم – يتكلّم (كلام) itkallim – yitkallim (kalaam)
تحدّث – يتحدّث (تحدّث) taHaddata – yataHaddatu (taHaddut)
to say, tell قال – يقول (قول) qaala – yaquulu (qawl) ‘aal – yi’uul (‘awl)
to ask (a question) سأل – يسأل (سؤال) sa’ala – yas’alu (su’aal)
to request طلب – يطلب (طلب) Talaba – yaTlubu (Talab)
to reply, answer (to) أجاب – يجيب (اجابة) على ajaaba – yujiibu (ijaaba) 3ala agaab – yigiib (igaaba) 3ala
ردّ – يردّ (ردّ) على radda – yarudd (radd) 3ala
to thank شكر – يشكر (شكر) šakara – yaškuru (šukr) šakar – yiškur (šukr)
to complain (about) شكى – يشكو (شكوى) من šaka – yašku (šakwa) min اشتكى – يشتكي (شكوى) من ištaka – yištiki (šakwa) min
to promise وعد – يعد (وعد) بـ wa3ada – ya3idu (wa3d) bi وعد – يوعد (وعد) wa3ad – yiw3id (wa3d) bi
to see رأى – يرى (رؤية) ra’a – yara (ru’ya) شاف – يشوف (شوفان | شوف) šaaf – yišuuf (šawafaan/šoof)
to look at نظر – ينظر (نظر) إلى naZara – yanZuru (naZar) ila بصّ – يبصّ (بصّ | بصصان) على baSS – yibuSS (baSS/baSaSaan) 3ala
to look for بحث – يبحث (بحث) عن baHata – yabHatu (baHt) 3an دوّر – يدوّر (تدوير) على dawwar – yidawwar (tadwiir) 3ala
to find وجد – يجد (وجود) wajada – yajidu (wujuud) لاقى – يلاقي laa’a – yilaa’i (la’ayaan)
to lose (s.t.) ضيّع – يضيّع (تضييع) Dayya3a – yuDayyi3u (taDyii3)
to organize نظّم – ينظّم (تنظيم) naZZama – yunaZZimu (tanZiim)
to organize, tidy up رتّب – يرتّب (ترتيب) rattaba – yurattibu (tartiib)
to smoke (in general) دخّن – يدخّن (تدخين) daxxana – yudaxxinu (tadxiin)
to happen حدث – يحدث (حدوث) Hadata – yaHdutu (Huduut) حصل – يحصل (حصول) HaSal – yiHSal (HuSuul)
to watch شاهد – يشاهد (مشاهدة) šaahada – yušaahidu (mušaahada) اتفرّج – يتفرّج على itfarrag – yitfarrag 3ala
to hear سمع – يسمع (سمع | سماعة) sami3a – yasma3u (sam3/samaa3a) simi3 – yisma3 (sama3)
to listen to استمع – يستمع (استماع) إلى istama3a – yastami3u (istimaa3) ila سمع – يسمع (سمع) simi3 – yisma3 (sama3)
to give أعطى – يعطي (اعطاء) a3aTa – ya3aTi (i3Taa’) ادّى – يدّي (مدّية) idda – yiddi (middiyya)
to carry حمل – يحمل (حمل) Hamala – yaHmilu (Haml) شال – يشيل (شيل | شيلان) šaal – yišiil (šeil/šayalaan)
to love أحبّ – يحبّ (حبّ) aHabba – yuHibbu (Hubb) حبّ – يحبّ (حبّ) Habb – yiHibb (Hubb)
to hate كره – يكره (كره | كراهة) kariha – yakrahu (karh/karaaha) karah – yikrah (karh/karaaha)
to be born وُلد – يُولد (ولادة) wulida – yuuladu (wilaada) اتولد – يتولد itwalad – yitwalad
to live عاش – يعيش (معيشة) 3aaša – ya3iišu (ma3iiša)
to live (in a place) سكن – يسكن (سكن) في sakana – yaskunu (sakan) fi
to die مات – يموت (موت) maata – yamuutu (moot)
to pass away توفّي – يتوفي (وفاة) tuwuffiya – yutawaffayu (wafaah) اتوفى – يتوفي (وفاة) itwaffa – yitwaffi (wafaah)
to wait انتظر – ينتظر (انتظار) intaZara – yantaZiru (intiZaar) استنى – يستني istinna – yistinni
to buy اشترى – يشتري (شراء) ištara – yaštari (širaa’) ištara – yištiri
to sell باع – يبيع (بيع) baa3a – yabii3u (bii3)
to pay; to push دفع – يدفع (دفع) dafa3a – yadfa3u (daf3) dafa3 – yidfa3
to push زق – يزق (زق) za” – yizu” (za”)
to open (s.t.) فتح – يفتح (فتح) fataHa – yaftaHu (fatH) fataH – yiftaH (fatH)
to close (s.t.) غلق – يغلق (غلق) ġalaqa – yaġliqu (ġalq) قفل – يقفل ‘afal – yi’fil
to begin, start (s.t.) بدأ – يبدأ (بدء) bada’a – yabda’u (bad’) bada’ – yibda’
to end (reflexive) انتهى – ينتهي (انتهاء) intaha – yantahi (intihaa’)
to stop (reflexive); to stand up وقف – يقف (وقف | وقوف) waqafa – yaqifu (waqf/wuquuf) wi’if – yiw’af (wa’f)
to finish (s.t.) خلّص – يخلّص (تخليص) xallaSa – yuxalliSu (taxliiS) xallaS – yixallaS (taxliiS)
شطّب – يشطّب (تشطيب) šaTTab – yišaTTab (tašTiib)
to stop (reflexive); to stand up وقف – يقف (وقف | وقوف) waqafa – yaqifu (waqf/wuquuf) wi’if – yiw’af (wa’f)
to play لعب – يلعب (لعب) la3aba – yal3ibu (li3b)
to use (s.t.) استخدم – يستخدم (استخدام) istaxdama – yastaxdimu (istixdaam)
استعمل – يستعمل (استعمال) ista3mala – yasta3milu (isti3maal)
to enter دخل – يدخل (دخول) daxala – yadxulu (duxuul) daxal – yudxul
to go out خرج – يخرج (خروج) xaraja – yaxruju (xuruuj) xarag – yixrag
to leave غادر – يغادر (مغادرة) ġaadara – yuġaadiru (muġaadara) ساب – يسيب saab – yisiib
to ride (ex. a taxi) ركب – يركب (ركوب) rakiba – yarkabu (rukuub) rikib – yirkab
to send أرسل – يرسل (ارسال) arsala – yursilu (irsaal) بعت – يبعت ba3at – yib3at
to receive استلم – يستلم (استلام) istalama – yastalimu (istilaam) istalam – yistilim (istilaam)
to think (about s.t.) فكّر – يفكّر (تفكير) fakkara – yufakkiru (tafkiir) fakkar – yifakkar (tafkiir) fi
to think (that) ظنّ – يظنّ (ظن) أن Zanna – yaZunnu (Zann) anna افتكر – يفتكر iftakar – yiftikir
to believe (that) اعتقد – يعتقد (اعتقاد) i3taqada – ya3taqidu (i3tiqaad) anna
to need (s.t.) احتاج – يحتاج (احتياج) إلى iHtaaja – yaHtaaju (iHtiyaaj) ila iHtaag – yiHtaag
to want (to) أراد – يريد (ارادة) araada – yuriidu (iraada) an عايز – عايزة 3aayiz/3aayza (or 3aawiz/3aawza) – active participle
to succeed نجح – ينجح (نجاح) najaHa – yanjaHu (najaaH) nagaH – yingaH (nagaaH)
to fail فشل – يفشل (فشل) fašila – yafšalu (fašal)

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The Holy Quran – The Word of God (Allah) Revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

The Holy Quran is the sacred book of the Muslims, it is the word of Allah revealed to the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through the angel Jibril. This revelation has lasted 23 years.

The Holy Quran is the heart of Islam, it includes all the teachings and precepts of the religion, for every Muslim, it’s the divine symbol of faith. The Holy Book is also considered a miracle in itself because of its content and scope, which is extended to all possible areas and continues to fascinate scientists for its extraordinary advance over time.

Quran is the best source of inspiration and motivation for all Muslims. We, as a Muslim to be successful in both worlds, should learn and follow Quran Kareem. The following Hadith of Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) shows the importance about learning Quran:

Uthman bin Affan (R.A.) reported:

The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) said, “The best amongst you is the one who learns the Qur’an and teaches it.” (Sahih al-Bukhari : 5027)

Therefore in the light of this Hadith, the best people in the world are not those who have high degrees and positions, nor are those who possess excessive wealth. But the best person on the side of Allah is the person who wants to learn the Holy Quran and teach it to others.

The Quran has 114 chapters called Suras. The first one is called Al Fatiha (the opening). Each sura is composed of phrases or verses called “ayat”. The chapters or surahs are of unequal length; the shortest surah Al-Kawthar has only three verses while the longest sura is the Al Baqara, which has 286 ayas.

A part of the Quran was revealed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the city of Mecca and the other in the city of Medina, that is why we find a classification of the surahs in the Quran by Makiya and Madaniya, in fact by place of revelation.

May Allah bless all Muslims with strong Faith, Purity of heart, good manners, good deeds and understanding the true meaning of all teaching of Quran and Hadiths.

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Namaz Timing And Rak’as – Learn Salah Online

The following are the Namaz Timing And Rak’as in each of the five daily Islamic prayers.

  Name Rakas Timing
  Fajr 04
02 Sunnah | 02 Farz
From dawn before sunrise.
  Zuhar 12
04 Sunah | 04 Farz
02 Sunnah | 02 Nawafil
Between the declining of sun & Asr.
  Asr 08
04 Sunnah | 04 Farz
(Late afternoon) Immediately after the last time limit of Zuhar until just before the sunset.
  Maghrib 07
03 Farz | 02 Sunnah
02 Nawafil
(Evening) Soon after sunset until the disappearance of the twilight.
  Isha 17
04 Sunnah | 04 Farz
02 Sunnah | 02 Nawafil
03 Witar | 02 Nawafil
After the disappearance of the twilight until midnight.
  Juma 14
04 Sunnah | 02 Farz
04 Sunnah| 02 Sunnah
02 Nawafil
Between the declining of sun & Asr. Juma can’t be offered individually. If you happen to miss Juma prayer, then you should offer Zuhar.

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6 Kalimas of Islam – English Translation

The 6 Kalimas of Islam (six statements of Faith) are basic Islamic declarations of Islam that are recited by Muslims as a form of worship and as a means of affirming their beliefs. These 6 Kalimas encompass various aspects of Islam and serve as concise statements of faith. Here are the 6 Kalimas:

First Kalima Tayyab:

Laaa Ilaaha Illa-llaahu Muhammadur-Rasoolu-llaah 

There is none worthy of worship except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

Second Kalima Shahada:

Ash-hadu Al-laaa Ilaaha Illa-llaahu Wahdahoo Laa Shareeka Lahoo Wa-Ash-hadu Anna Muhammadan ‘Abduhoo Wa Rasooluhu.

I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, the One alone, without a partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

Third Kalima Tamjeed:

Subhaana-llaahi Walhamdu Lillaahi Walaaa Ilaaha Illa-llaahu Wallaahu Akbar. Walaa Hawla Walaa Quwwata Illaa Billaahi-l ‘Aliyyil ‘Azeem.

Glory be to Allah and all praise be to Allah, there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and Allah is the Greatest. There is no might or power except from Allah, the Exalted, the Great One.

Fourth Kalima Touheed:

Laaa Ilaaha Illa-llaahu Wahdahoo Laa Shareeka-lahoo Lahu-l Mulku Walahu-l Hamdu Yuhyee Wayumeetu Wahuwa Hayyu-l Laa Yamootu Abadan Abada. Dhu-l Jalaali Wal Ikraam. Biyadihil Khair. Wahuwa Alaa Kulli Shai-’in Qadeer.

There is none worthy of worship except Allah. He is alone and has no partner. To Him belongs the Kingdom and for Him is all praise. He gives life and causes death. In His hand is all good and He has power over everything.

Fifth Kalima Astaghfar:

Astaghfiru-llaaha Rabbi Min Kulli Dhambin Adhnabtuhoo ‘Amadan Aw Khata-an Sirran Aw ‘Alaaniyata-wn Wa-atoobu Ilaihi Min-adh Dhambi-l Ladhee A’lamu Wamina-dh Dhambi-l Ladhi Laaa A’lamu Innaka Anta ‘Allaamu-l Ghuyoobi Wasattaaru-l ‘Uyoobi Wa Ghaffaaru-dh Dhunubi Walaa Hawla Walaa Quwwata Illaa Billaahi-l ‘Aliyyil ‘Azeem.

I seek forgiveness from Allah, who is my Creator and Cheriser, from every sin I committed knowingly or unknowingly, secretly or openly. I also seek His forgiveness for all sins which I am aware of or am not aware of. Certainly, You (O Allah!), are the Knower of the hidden and the Concealer of mistakes and the Forgiver of sins. And there is no power and no strength except from Allah, the Most High, the Most Great.

Sixth Kalima Radd-e-Kufar:

Allaa-humma Inneee A’udhu-bika Min An Ushrika Bika Shay-awn Wa-ana A’lamu Bihee Wa- astaghfiruka Limaa Laaa A’lamu Bihee Tubtu ‘Anhu Wata-barraatu Mina-l Kufri Wash-shirki Wal-kidhbi Wal-gheebati Wal-bid’ati Wan-nameemati Wal-fawahishi Wal-buhtaani Wal-m’aasi Kulli-haa Wa-Aslamtu Wa-aqoolu Laaa Ilaaha Illa-llaahu Muhammadu-r Rasoolu-llah.

O Allah! I seek refuge in You from that I should ascribe any partner with You knowingly. I seek Your forgiveness for the sin of which I have no knowledge. I repent from it. And becoming disgusted of disbelief and idolatry, lying and backbiting, innovation and slander, lewdness and abomination, and all other acts of disobedience, I submit to Your will. I believe and I declare that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

 


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